孩子單詞記不住，記住了沒(méi)幾天就忘記了，怎么辦?老師每次聽寫單詞都不會(huì)，考場(chǎng)上老出錯(cuò)，英語(yǔ)學(xué)不好，根源在哪里?很多時(shí)候英語(yǔ)學(xué)不好，是因?yàn)椴粫?huì)記單詞，到底應(yīng)該怎么記單詞呢?小編在這里整理了學(xué)霸們記單詞的方法，希望能夠幫助那些單詞記不住的小伙伴們。

    英語(yǔ)中的構(gòu)詞法主要有三種，即轉(zhuǎn)化法、合成法和派生法。

    轉(zhuǎn)化法

    在英語(yǔ)中，一個(gè)單詞由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或幾種詞性而詞形不變的方法叫做轉(zhuǎn)化法。

    1. 動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

    Let me have a try. 讓我試試。

    They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.

    在學(xué)校里只準(zhǔn)許他們出售不含酒精的飲料。

    2. 名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞

    He shouldered his way through the crowd.

    他用肩膀推開人群前進(jìn)。

    The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water.

    從廚房傳來(lái)的氣味使他流口水。

    3. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞

    We will try our best to better our living conditions.

    我們要盡力改善我們的生活狀況。

    They tried to perfect the working conditions.

    他們努力改善工作條件。

    4. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

    He didn't know the difference between right and wrong.

    他不辨是非。

    The old in our village are living a happy life.

    我們村的老年人過(guò)著幸福的生活。

    5. 形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞

    How long have you lived there?

    你在那兒住多久了?

    6.個(gè)別詞在一定場(chǎng)合中可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞

    Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.

    穿暖和的衣服到山區(qū)去是必須的。

    Life is full of ups and downs.

    人生有得意時(shí)也有失意時(shí)。

    His argument contains too many ifs and buts.

    他的辯論中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。

    合成法

    由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單詞連在一起合成一個(gè)新詞，這種構(gòu)詞法叫做合成法，合成的詞叫做合成詞。合成詞一般看其詞，知其意。

    1. 合成名詞

    名詞/代詞+名詞 newspaper blood-test she-wolf

    動(dòng)詞+名詞 typewriter pickpocket daybreak

    形容詞+名詞 greenhouse highway

    副詞+名詞 overcoat outside

    名詞+v.-ing/v.-ing +名詞 handwriting reading-room

    動(dòng)詞+副詞/ 副詞+ 動(dòng)詞 breakthrough get-together outbreak outcome

    名詞+介詞+名詞 sister-in-law editor-in-chief

    2. 合成形容詞

    名詞+形容詞/形容詞+名詞 world-famous duty-free large-scale long- term

    副詞+形容詞 over-anxious evergreen

    名詞+過(guò)去分詞 man-made sun-burnt

    名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 peace-loving English-speaking

    形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 good-looking easy-going

    副詞+過(guò)去分詞 well-informed widespread

    副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 hardworking far-reaching

    形容詞+名詞+ed warm-hearted absent-minded

    數(shù)詞+名詞+ed three-legged ten-storied

    數(shù)詞+名詞 one-way five–star

    數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞 ten-year-old 800-meter-long

    名詞+to+名詞 face –to-face door - to -door

    3. 合成動(dòng)詞

    名詞+動(dòng)詞 baby-sit sleepwalk

    副詞+動(dòng)詞 outnumber underestimate overwork

    形容詞+動(dòng)詞 whitewash

    4. 合成副詞

    形容詞+名詞 meanwhile anyway

    形容詞+副詞 everywhere anyhow

    副詞+副詞 however

    介詞+名詞 beforehand overhead

    介詞+副詞 forever

    5. 合成代詞

    代詞賓格+self/selves herself themselves

    物主代詞+self/selves myself yourselves

    形容詞+名詞 anything nothing

    6. 合成介詞

    副詞+名詞 inside outside

    介詞+副詞 without within

    副詞+介詞 into

    派生法

    由一個(gè)詞加上前綴或后綴構(gòu)成一個(gè)與原單詞意義相近或截然相反的新詞叫做派生法。

    1. 前綴

    除少數(shù)前綴外，前綴一般改變單詞的意義，但不改變單詞的詞性。

    (1)表示否定意義的前綴

    un-unhappy unfinished undress

    dis-disagree disbelieve

    in-[il-(在字母l前)，im- (在字母m,b,p前)，ir- (在字母r前)] inaccurate illegal impolite imbalance irregular

    mis-misbehave mislead mistake

    non-nonstop nonsmoker

    (2)表示其他意義的前綴

    en-“使……”enrich enlarge encourage

    inter-“相互”international intercontinental

    re-“再，又，重”rethink retell recycle

    tele-“遠(yuǎn)程的”telescope telephone telegraph

    auto- “自動(dòng)的”automatic automobile

    co-“共同”coworker cooperate coexist

    anti-“反對(duì)，抵抗”antiwar antifreeze antinuclear

    multi-“多”multistory multicultural multicolor

    bi- “雙，二”bicycle bilingual bilateral

    micro-“極小的，微小的”microwave microcomputer

    over-“太多，過(guò)分”overwork overdo overestimate

    self-“自己，本身”self-centered self-confident self-control

    under-“在……下面，……下的，不足的”underline, underground, underestimate, underrate

    2. 后綴

    (1)形容詞后綴

    -able“可……的，具有……的”acceptable drinkable knowledgeable reasonable

    -al “與……有關(guān)的”physical, magical, political

    -an“屬于某地方的人”American African

    -ern“方向”southern, northern, eastern

    -ful/less“(沒(méi))有……的”helpful, useful, homeless, hopeless

    -ish“如……的;有……特征的”foolish childish selfish

    -ive“有……傾向的”active attractive expensive

    -en“由……制成的”golden wooden woolen

    -ous“有(性質(zhì))的”famous, dangerous, poisonous

    -ly“有……性質(zhì)的”friendly yearly daily

    -y“構(gòu)成形容詞”noisy dusty cloudy

    (2)名詞后綴

    -er / or“表人或用具” farmer, baker, visitor, professor, cooker, container

    -ese“某國(guó)(人)的”Chinese, Japanese

    -ian“某國(guó)、某地人;精通……的人”musician, Asian, Russian, technician

    -ist“某種主義或職業(yè)者”physicist, scientist, communist，socialist

    -ess“表女性，雌性”hostess, actress, princess

    -ment“行為或其狀態(tài)”government, movement, achievement

    -ness“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)”illness, sadness, carelessness

    -tion“動(dòng)作，過(guò)程，結(jié)果”invention, organization, translation

    -ance/ ence“抽象;行為、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)”importance, appearance, absence, existence

    -th“性質(zhì)、情況” depth, warmth, truth

    -ful“(滿的)量”handful, spoonful, mouthful

    -(a)bility“抽象、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)”possibility, disability, reliability

    -al“過(guò)程、狀態(tài)”survival, arrival, approval

    -y“性質(zhì)、情況”modesty, delivery, honesty

    -dom “處于……狀態(tài);性質(zhì)”freedom, boredom

    -age“狀態(tài)，行為，身份及其結(jié)果”courage, storage, marriage

    (3)動(dòng)詞后綴

    -fy / ify “使得;變得” simplify, beautify, purify

    -en“使成為;變得” shorten, deepen, sadden

    -ize“使成為” apologize, realize, specialize

    (4)副詞后綴

    -ly “方式，程度” freely, truly, angrily

    -ward(s)“向……” towards, forward, upwards

    (5)數(shù)詞后綴

    -teen “十幾” fourteen, eighteen, thirteen

    -ty “整十位數(shù)” forty, fifty, sixty

    -th“序數(shù)詞” twelfth, twentieth